- What was the ceasefire of November 1918 called?
- When did the Versailles Conference begin?
- How many countries attended the Conference?
- What did Sir Eric Geddes want?
- 'everything you can squeeze out of a lemon, and a bit more'.
- Who were the three most important men at the Conference?
- Georges Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George
- What was their nickname?
- Who was the prime minister of France?
- List 4 things Clemenceau wanted from the peace.
- revenge
- punish
- make Germany pay reparations
- weaken
- Who was the President of America?
- Give 7 things Wilson wanted from the peace.
- make the world safe
- end war
- fair peace
- 14 Points
- disarmament
- League of Nations
- self-determination
- What were his ideas for a better world called?
- What were the 3 main ideas of the Fourteen Points?
- disarmament
- League of Nations
- self-determination
- What was the name for the assembly, where Wilson wanted countries to talk about their problems, instead of going to war?
- Who was the Prime Minister of Britain?
- Give 5 things Lloyd George wanted from the peace.
- 'make Germany pay', but not too much
- justice,
- not revenge
- not too harsh
- halfway point
- What were the FOUR terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
- Blame
- Reparations
- Armed forces
- Germany lost Territory.
- Which Clause blamed Germany for the war?
- What were ‘reparations’?
- Money Germany had to pay for the damage done during the war
- How much were reparations eventually set at?
- Explain the 5 things the Treaty said about Germany’s armed forces.
- Germany was forbidden to have submarines
- Germany was forbidden to have an air force.
- Germany could have a navy of only six battleships
- Germany could have an Army of just 100,000 men.
- Germany was not allowed to place any troops in the Rhineland, the strip of land, 50 miles wide, next to France.
- List 5 areas of land in Europe that Germany lost.
- Alsace-Lorraine
- Schleswig
- Polish Corridor
- Saar
- Danzig
- What is the word which means that troops were not allowed in the Rhineland?
- What happened to Germany’s colonies?
- Given as League of Nations 'mandates' to Britain and France.
- What did the Treaty say about Austria?
- Anschluss with Germany was forbidden
- Why did the Germans refuse to agree to Clause 231?
- They did not believe it was true -- they said Russia had started the war.
- What made the Germans pay reparations in January 1921?
- Britain, France and Belgium invaded.
- Why were the Germans angry about their tiny army?
- They could not defend themselves
- What did the German sailors do to the fleet?
- How much of its land did Germany lose?
- Explain why the Germans thought the Treaty was unfair.
- They had not been asked to Versailles, and few of the 14 Points got into the Treaty.
- What did the Germans feel when they heard about the Treaty?
- ‘pain and anger’ - a German newspaper called it 'the disgraceful Treaty'
- Who did the Treaty helped to rise to power.
- What did a German newspaper promise?
- We will never stop until we win back what we deserve.
- List 4 things Clemenceau liked about the peace.
- Reparations (would repair the damage to France),
- The tiny German army, and the demilitarised zone in the
- Rhineland (would protect France),
- France got Alsace-Lorraine, and German colonies.
- Why did he dislike it?
- He wanted the Treaty to be harsher.
- He wanted Germany to be split up into smaller countries.
- What two things did Wilson get that he wanted?
- League of Nations
Self-determination
- Why did he hate the Treaty?
- Some of his 14 Points did not get into the Treaty.
- Two things happened when Wilson went home. What?
- When Wilson went back to America, the Senate refused to join the League of Nations, and even refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles!
- Lloyd George liked two things about the Treaty. What?
- The fact that Britain got some German colonies (expanded the British Empire),
- The small German navy (helped Britain to continue to 'rule the waves').
- What did Lloyd George hate about the Treaty?
- He thought it was too harsh and would start another war in 25 years' time.
- List the four other treaties of 1919–20.
- Saint Germain (with Austria)
- Neuilly (with Bulgaria)
- Trianon (with Hungary)
- Sèvres (with Turkey)
- List four reasons the Treaty of Versailles was more important than these treaties.
- with Germany,
- decided by the Big Three,
- set up the League of Nations,
- set down the principles of how the defeated countries would be treated.
- What were the four main principles of the Treaty of Versailles?
- reparations/ disarmament/ loss of land/ self-determination
- What does ‘self-determination’ mean.
- The right to rule yourselves.
- List 5 new nation-states created by the treaties of 1919–20.
- Czechs and Slovaks in Czechoslovakia
- Hungarians in Hungary
- Austrians in Austria
- Poles in Poland
- Slavs in Yugoslavia
- Which empire did it split up to make these new nation-states?
- Which races ruled in Czechoslovakia?
- Which people ruled in Yugoslavia?
- List four problems with self-determination.
- It caused small Wars in Poland, Teschen and Fiume.
- It was not allowed for Germany.
- It created many small, Weak countries, which Hitler easily conquered later.
- The new nation-states had racial Minorities living there.
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